Technologies for Arsenic Removal from Drinking Water
Richard Johnston and Han Heijnen (2001). Technologies for Arsenic Removal from Drinking Water. The Editors on behalf of the Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology and The United Nations University..
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Author Richard Johnston
Han HeijnenEditor M. Feroze Ahmed
Ashraf Ali
Adeel, ZafarTitle Technologies for Arsenic Removal from Drinking Water Publication Date 2001-05-05 Place of Publication Dhaka Bangladesh Publisher The Editors on behalf of the Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology and The United Nations University. Pages CCLXXVII, 277 Language eng Abstract Arsenic contamination of drinking water has been reported from many parts of world. In some arsenic affected areas, substitution of drinking water source by a safe and easily available one may not be possible during part or all of the year, or may be very expensive. Arsenic removal may be a more appropriate water supply option in these situations. This paper describes some safe water technologies for arsenic removal. Coagulation is the most common arsenic removal technology. As many Bangladesh waters contain arsenide, oxidation with chlorine or permanganate is required first. Coagulation with ferric chloride works best at pH below 8. Alum has a narrower effective range, from pH 6-8. Ion exchange resins are commercially produced synthetic materials that can remove some compounds from water. These resins only remove arsenate. Activated alumina, like ion exchange resins, is commercially available in coarse grains. Activated alumina beds usually have much longer run times than ion exchange resins, typically several tens of thousands of beds can be treated before arsenic breakthrough. Activated alumina works best in slightly acidic waters (pH 5.5 to 6). Membrane methods for arsenic removal include reverse osmosis and nanofiltration. Currently available membranes are more expensive than other arsenic removal options, and are more appropriate in municipal settings, where very low arsenic levels are required. Other techniques exist for arsenic removal, but are less well remove much of the arsenic. Introduction of zero-valent iron filings in three-pitcher filters to treat water in the home is showing great promise. Many new materials are being tested for arsenic removal, from low-tech iron-coated sand and greensand to specially engineered synthetic resins. In all cases, technologies should meet several basic technical criteria. The biggest challenges ahead lie however in applying the technologies described in poor, rural settings, and in enabling those communities to choose safe sources of water for drinking and cooking. UNBIS Thesaurus HEALTH
BANGLADESH
WATER
DISEASE PREVENTION AND CONTROL
ARSENICCopyright Holder UNU Copyright Year 2000 Copyright type All rights reserved ISBN 9843113056 -
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