Renewable energy for environmental protection: Life cycle inventory of Nigeria's palm oil production
Anyaoha, Kelechi E. and Zhang, Lulu, (2021). Renewable energy for environmental protection: Life cycle inventory of Nigeria's palm oil production. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 174 1-11
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Sub-type Journal article Author Anyaoha, Kelechi E.
Zhang, LuluTitle Renewable energy for environmental protection: Life cycle inventory of Nigeria's palm oil production Appearing in Resources, Conservation and Recycling Check publisher's open access policy Volume 174 Publication Date 2021-11 Place of Publication Amsterdam, Netherlands Publisher Elsevier B.V. Start page 1 End page 11 Language eng Abstract Energy consumption and associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions will increase significantly in the developing world. Scaling up bioenergy use and reducing GHG emissions is vital to achieving the Nationally Determined Contributions and advance the greener economy. This study investigated three types of palm oil processors to support technology advancement and renewable energy transition in the African oil palm industry. We compiled gate-to-gate life cycle inventories of large-scale, semi-mechanized, and smallholder processors of oil palm fresh fruit bunch in Nigeria. The inventory includes materials and energy inputs to the systems and outputs and emissions to the environment. The inputs are diesel, water, electricity, empty fruit bunch, palm kernel shell and mesocarp fibre for a functional unit of one tonne of fresh fruit bunch, while the outputs are crude palm oil, palm kernel, and all emissions to air and soil. Carbon dioxide (CO2) and dinitrogen oxide (N2O) emissions were 47% and 73% more in smallholder mills than in large-scale mills. Semi-mechanized mills produced 73% more N2O than large-scale mills. In contrast, large-scale mills emit 71% more methane (CH4) than smallholder and semi-mechanized mills. The study reveals critical hot spots of GHG emissions from different processors of Nigeria's oil palm industry. UNBIS Thesaurus PALM OIL Keyword Life cycle inventory
Biomass-based energy
GHG emission reduction
Waste reductionCopyright Holder Elsevier B.V. Copyright Year 2021 Copyright type All rights reserved ISSN 0921-3449 DOI 10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105797 -
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