Formal and informal external linkages and firms’ innovative strategies. A cross-country comparison

Bodas Freitas, Isabel Maria, Clausen, Tommy, Fontana, Roberto and Verspagen, Bart (2008). Formal and informal external linkages and firms’ innovative strategies. A cross-country comparison. UNU-MERIT.

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  • Author Bodas Freitas, Isabel Maria
    Clausen, Tommy
    Fontana, Roberto
    Verspagen, Bart
    Title Formal and informal external linkages and firms’ innovative strategies. A cross-country comparison
    Publication Date 2008
    Publisher UNU-MERIT
    Abstract Firms increasingly rely upon external actors for their innovation process. Interaction with these actors may occur formally (i.e. through a collaboration agreement) or informally (i.e. external actors acts as sources of knowledge). This paper analyses the reasons why firms consider it to be important to develop formal and informal external linkages in the innovation process by looking at the role played by firms’ innovative strategies and by taking into account that a complementarity or substitutive relationship might exist between formal and informal linkages. Data come from the Third Community Innovation Survey (CIS 3), where we have access to firm level micro-data from Norway, Sweden, the Netherlands and the UK.
    Keyword External knowledge sources
    Innovation strategies
    Formal cooperation
    Multinomial probit
    JEL O31
    O33
    O38
    Copyright Holder UNU-MERIT
    Copyright Year 2008
    ISSN 1871-9872
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    Created: Wed, 11 Dec 2013, 16:23:44 JST