Genesis, Distribution and Hydrochemical Features of Saline Groundwater

Minhas, Paramjit S. and Qadir, M., "Genesis, Distribution and Hydrochemical Features of Saline Groundwater" in Irrigation Sustainability with Saline and Alkali Waters: Extent, Impacts and Management Guidelines (Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2024), 15-67.

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  • Author Minhas, Paramjit S.
    Qadir, M.
    Chapter Title Genesis, Distribution and Hydrochemical Features of Saline Groundwater
    Book Title Irrigation Sustainability with Saline and Alkali Waters: Extent, Impacts and Management Guidelines
    Publication Date 2024-09-27
    Place of Publication Singapore
    Publisher Springer Singapore
    Start page 15
    End page 67
    Language eng
    Abstract Global estimates of land area underlain with saline and brackish water aquifers are about 23.94 million km2 which is about 16% of the total land area on the earth. About 1.1 billion people live in these areas afflicted with groundwater salinity. Their largest occurrences are in the basins of West and Central Asia followed by the lowlands of South America, eastern Australia, and Europe. The genesis of salts in groundwater mainly involves the mechanisms; marine (connate marine groundwater, seawater intrusion, flooding, and spraying), natural terrestrial (evaporation from shallow groundwater tables, dissolution of salt-bearing sediments, membrane effects and hydrothermal igneous activities), and anthropogenic terrestrial mechanisms (irrigation return flows and pollutants). The key contributors are dissolution of salts (26% of the total area), evaporation from shallow groundwater (20%), and a combination of …
    Copyright Holder author(s)
    Copyright Year 2024
    Copyright type All rights reserved
    DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-4102-1_2
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    Created: Sun, 20 Oct 2024, 23:33:01 JST by Haideh Beigi on behalf of UNU INWEH