Dynamic of upwelling variability in southern Indonesia region revealed from satellite data: Role of ENSO and IOD

Rachman, Herlambang Aulia, Setiawati, Martiwi Diah, Hidayah, Zainul, Syah, Achmad Fachruddin, Nandika, Muhammad Rizki, Lumban-Gaol, Jonson, As-syakur, Abd. Rahman and Syamsudin, Fadli, (2024). Dynamic of upwelling variability in southern Indonesia region revealed from satellite data: Role of ENSO and IOD. Journal of Sea Research, 202 n/a-n/a

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  • Sub-type Journal article
    Author Rachman, Herlambang Aulia
    Setiawati, Martiwi Diah
    Hidayah, Zainul
    Syah, Achmad Fachruddin
    Nandika, Muhammad Rizki
    Lumban-Gaol, Jonson
    As-syakur, Abd. Rahman
    Syamsudin, Fadli
    Title Dynamic of upwelling variability in southern Indonesia region revealed from satellite data: Role of ENSO and IOD
    Appearing in Journal of Sea Research
    Volume 202
    Publication Date 2024-09-12
    Place of Publication Amsterdam
    Publisher Elsevier B.V.
    Start page n/a
    End page n/a
    Language eng
    Abstract The Southern Indonesian (SI) region is known for its high-intensity coastal upwelling caused by monsoonal wind. Interannual phenomena such as El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) also influence upwelling activity in this region. This study analyzed the relationship between upwelling intensity (UIsst) and those variables and their impact on oceanographic features such as Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a concentration. We used satellite imagery data, including SST from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and chlorophyll-a from MODIS, to analyze the aforementioned issue. To identify the impact of wind patterns on coastal upwelling, we analyzed using zonal wind stress from ERA-5 Data. Quantification of UIsst is defined as the SST gradient between the coastal and open ocean waters. Linear and partial correlation analysis between UIsst with the Ocean Niño Index (ONI) and Dipole Mode Index (DMI) were conducted to see the influence of ENSO and IOD phenomena. Anomaly analysis was also conducted on SST, chlorophyll-a concentration, zonal windstress and UIsst to see how large the values were during the years of the ENSO and IOD events. Upwelling in the SI region typically occurs during southeast monsoon (SEM) periods, starting earlier in the East side (Nusa Tenggara Islands) and moving towards the West side (South Coast of Java). The correlation analysis (both linear and partial) indicates that the IOD has a stronger influence on UIsst in the SI region compared to ENSO, especially during June to October (SEM periods). This finding is confirmed by anomaly analysis, which reveals significant changes in SST, chlorophyll-a concentration, zonal windstress, and UIsst during ENSO and IOD events. The magnitude of the anomalies is generally stronger during IOD events than those observed under ENSO conditions.
    UNBIS Thesaurus INDONESIA
    COASTAL AREAS
    PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
    GEOPHYSICAL SATELLITES
    Keyword El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO)
    Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)
    Upwelling
    Copyright Holder The Author(s)
    Copyright Year 2024
    Copyright type Creative commons
    DOI 10.1016/j.seares.2024.102543
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    Created: Wed, 18 Sep 2024, 14:48:15 JST by Hanna Takemoto on behalf of UNU IAS