Situation of menstrual management facilities in schools of peri-urban areas of Nepal: WASH, privacy, and healthcare

Shrestha, Sadhana, Shrestha, Salina, Ito, Yuri, Kobayashi, Yuka, Nishida, Kei, Futaba, Kazama and Malla, Rabin, (2022). Situation of menstrual management facilities in schools of peri-urban areas of Nepal: WASH, privacy, and healthcare. Journal of Water Sanitation & Hygiene for Development, 12(1), 41-51

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  • Sub-type Journal article
    Author Shrestha, Sadhana
    Shrestha, Salina
    Ito, Yuri
    Kobayashi, Yuka
    Nishida, Kei
    Futaba, Kazama
    Malla, Rabin
    Title Situation of menstrual management facilities in schools of peri-urban areas of Nepal: WASH, privacy, and healthcare
    Appearing in Journal of Water Sanitation & Hygiene for Development
    Volume 12
    Issue No. 1
    Publication Date 2022-01-01
    Place of Publication London
    Publisher IWA Publishing
    Start page 41
    End page 51
    Language eng
    Abstract Menstrual management (MM) facilities in schools are neglected in low- and middle-income countries. We examined the existing MM facilities, identified the deficient, and collected students' ideas in peri-urban schools of Nepal. The schools had basic MM facilities including water sanitation and hygiene (WASH) infrastructures, gender-segregated toilet facilities with taps, dustbins and running water, provision of emergency sanitary pads, etc. Out of 71 students who reported soiling of dresses with menstrual blood as a common problem, 27% went home and did not return in such situation instead of washing off at school. Forty-six per cent of students used washable absorbents, but washing and drying facilities were lacking, and students adapted by using disposable pads at school and washable at home. Out of 126 students, 106 took days off during menstruation in the past three months with an average of 2.6 days by one student. Sixty-one per cent gave the reason as pain and 39% tiredness for taking days off. Healthcare facilities were lacking in schools, hence, lack of these facilities in schools might be contributing to absenteeism. The traditionally advocated list of MM facilities for schools, largely involving WASH facilities, should be updated, including newly identified factors which were also suggested by students.
    UNBIS Thesaurus NEPAL
    MENSTRUATION
    Keyword School absenteeism
    Sick room
    Space for washing and drying
    Healthcare need
    Menstrual pain and discomfort
    Copyright Holder The Authors
    Copyright Year 2022
    Copyright type Creative commons
    DOI https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2021.100
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    Created: Fri, 23 Sep 2022, 13:16:41 JST by Hanna Takemoto on behalf of UNU IAS