Seasonal and Annual Rainfall Variability and Their Impact on Rural Water Supply Services in the Wami River Basin, Tanzania

Twisa, Sekela and Buchroithner, Manfred F., (2019). Seasonal and Annual Rainfall Variability and Their Impact on Rural Water Supply Services in the Wami River Basin, Tanzania. Water, 11(10), 1-18

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  • Sub-type Journal article
    Author Twisa, Sekela
    Buchroithner, Manfred F.
    Title Seasonal and Annual Rainfall Variability and Their Impact on Rural Water Supply Services in the Wami River Basin, Tanzania
    Appearing in Water
    Volume 11
    Issue No. 10
    Publication Date 2019-10-01
    Place of Publication Basel, Switzerland
    Publisher MDPI
    Start page 1
    End page 18
    Language eng
    Abstract In some parts of Africa, rainfall variability has resulted in widespread droughts and floods, thus posing a substantial challenge to water availability in rural areas, especially drinking water. Therefore, due to increasing water demands, increases in the population, and economic development, water supply systems are under constant stress. One of the critical uncertainties surrounding the effects of rainfall variability in Africa is the significant impact that it imposes on rural water supply services. The present study analyzes the trends in annual and seasonal rainfall time series in the Wami River Basin to see if there have been any significant changes in the patterns during the period 1983–2017 and how they affect the access to water supply services in rural areas. The study analyzes the trends of rainfall series of three stations using simple regression, Mann–Kendal Test and Sen’s Slope Estimator. The water point mapping datasets were analyzed considering seasonal variation. The analysis showed a statistically significant positive trend in annual rainfall at Kongwa and March–April–May (MAM) seasonal rainfall at Dakawa. The maximum increase in annual rainfall occurred at Kongwa (5.3 mm year−1) and for MAM seasonal data at Dakawa (4.1 mm year−1). Water points were found to be significantly affected by seasonal changes, both in terms of availability and quality of water. There also exists a strong relationship between rural water services and seasons.
    UNBIS Thesaurus RURAL WATER SUPPLY
    Keyword Wami River Basin
    Water points
    Water point mapping
    Time-series data
    Copyright Holder The Authors
    Copyright Year 2019
    Copyright type Creative commons
    DOI 10.3390/w11102055
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    Created: Mon, 09 Dec 2019, 19:21:18 JST by Eric Siegmund on behalf of UNU FLORES