Gender, environment and migration in Bangladesh

Evertsen, Kathinka Fossum and van der Geest, Kees, (2020). Gender, environment and migration in Bangladesh. Climate and Development, 12(1), 12-22

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  • Sub-type Journal article
    Author Evertsen, Kathinka Fossum
    van der Geest, Kees
    Title Gender, environment and migration in Bangladesh
    Appearing in Climate and Development
    Volume 12
    Issue No. 1
    Publication Date 2020
    Place of Publication United Kingdom
    Publisher Taylor & Francis
    Start page 12
    End page 22
    Language eng
    Abstract This article addresses how gender norms impact the process of migration, and what this means for the use of migration as an adaptation strategy to cope with environmental stressors. Data was collected through qualitative fieldwork, taking the form of semi-structured and open-ended interviews and focus group discussions from a Dhaka slum and three villages in Southern Bangladesh’s Bhola district. Our data revealed that women migrate when environmental stress threatens livelihoods and leave male household members unable to earn enough income for their families. Employing an analytical framework that focuses on the perceptions of individuals, this article shows how gender norms create social costs for women who migrate. Women thus have ambivalent feelings about migration. On the one hand, they do not wish to migrate, taking on a double work load, forsaking their purdah, and facing the stigma that follows. On the other hand, women see migration as a means to help their families, and live a better life. While social costs negatively affect the utilization and efficiency of female migration as an adaptation strategy to environmental stressors, it becomes clear that female migration is imperative to sustain livelihoods within the Bhola community.
    UNBIS Thesaurus ENVIRONMENT
    CLIMATE CHANGE
    MIGRATION
    GENDER
    Keyword Adaptation
    Copyright Holder The Authors
    Copyright Year 2019
    Copyright type Creative commons
    DOI 10.1080/17565529.2019.1596059
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    Created: Thu, 23 May 2019, 18:14:25 JST by Aarti Basnyat on behalf of UNU EHS