Efficacy and Safety of Whey Protein Supplements on Vital Sign and Physical Performance Among Athletes: A Network Meta-Analysis

Lam, Fui-Ching, Bukhsh, Allah, Rehman, Habib, Waqas, Muhammad K., Shahid, Nabeel, Khaliel, Adil M., Elhanish, Ahlam, Karoud, Mustfa, Telb, Ahmed and Khan, Tahir M., (2019). Efficacy and Safety of Whey Protein Supplements on Vital Sign and Physical Performance Among Athletes: A Network Meta-Analysis. frontiers in pharmacology, 10(-), 1-13

Document type:
Article
Collection:
UNU-IIGH Articles

Metadata
Documents
Links
Versions
Statistics
  • Attached Files (Some files may be inaccessible until you login with your UNU Collections credentials)
    Name Description MIMEType Size Downloads
    fphar-10-00317__002_.pdf pdf Click to show the corresponding preview/stream application/pdf; 2.66MB
  • Sub-type Journal article
    Author Lam, Fui-Ching
    Bukhsh, Allah
    Rehman, Habib
    Waqas, Muhammad K.
    Shahid, Nabeel
    Khaliel, Adil M.
    Elhanish, Ahlam
    Karoud, Mustfa
    Telb, Ahmed
    Khan, Tahir M.
    Title Efficacy and Safety of Whey Protein Supplements on Vital Sign and Physical Performance Among Athletes: A Network Meta-Analysis
    Appearing in frontiers in pharmacology
    Volume 10
    Issue No. -
    Publication Date 2019-04-24
    Place of Publication Lausanne
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Start page 1
    End page 13
    Language eng
    Abstract Athletes train physically to reach beyond their potential maximum aerobic threshold. Whey protein supplements (WPS) are often used in conjunction with physiotherapy and psychotherapy to regain better vital sign and physical performances. This review aimed to explore the clinical evidence on the efficacy and safety of WPS in sports performance and recovery among athletes. A comprehensive literature search was performed to identify relevant randomized control trials (RCTs) that investigated the efficacy and safety of WPS on the vital sign and physical performance among athletes. The Cochrane Risk of Bias (ROB) Assessment tools were used to assess the quality of the studies. Meta-analysis was conducted using the frequentist model with STATA version 14.2®. A total of 333,257 research articles were identified out of which 20 RCTs were included for qualitative synthesis and network meta-analysis with 351 participants. Among the studies, 7 had low ROB and 3 RCTs had high ROB. Of these 20 trials, 16 trials were randomized clinical trials which compared whey protein supplements (WPS) with various comparators i.e., L-alanine, bovine colostrum, carbohydrate, casein, leucine, maltodextrin, rice, protein + caffeine were compared with placebo. Analysis from the pairwise meta-analysis revealed that for respiratory exchange ratio (RER) WPS was found to be significantly improving compared to maltodextrin (WMD = 0.012; 95%CI = 0.001, 0.023). Similarity to RPE (Rate Perceived Exertion), slight difference between WPS and the comparators, however, when the estimation was favorable to the comparators, there was moderate-high heterogeneity. For VO2max, high heterogeneity appeared when WPS compared to maltodextrin with the I2 = 97.8% (WMD = 4.064; 95% CI = −4.230, 12.359), meanwhile bovine colostrum (WMD = −2.658; 95%CI = −6.180, 0.865) only comparator that was better than WPS. According to the estimated effect of the supplements on physical performance outcome results, maximum power (8 studies, 185 athletes), highest ranked was bovine colostrum (SUCRA = 70.7%) and the lowest ranked was placebo (SUCRA = 17.9%), yet all insignificant. Then again, on average power (nine studies, 187 athletes), WPS was the highest ranked (SUCRA = 75.4 %) about −112.00 watt (−187.91, −36.08) and most of the estimations were significant. Body mass was reported in 10 studies (171 athletes), carbohydrate may be at the highest ranked (SUCRA = 66.9%) but it is insignificant. Thought the second highest ranked was WPS (SUCRA = 64.7%) and it is significant (WMD = −6.89 kg; CI = −8.24, −5.54). The findings of this review support the efficacy and safety of WPS as an ergogenic aid on athletes' sports performance and recovery. The overall quality of clinical evidence was found to be valid and reliable from the comprehensive search strategy and ROB assessment.
    Copyright Holder Authors
    Copyright Year 2019
    Copyright type Creative commons
    DOI 10.3389/fphar.2019.00317
  • Versions
    Version Filter Type
  • Citation counts
    Google Scholar Search Google Scholar
    Access Statistics: 312 Abstract Views, 164 File Downloads  -  Detailed Statistics
    Created: Tue, 07 May 2019, 14:43:55 JST by Nur Madihah Mat Latip on behalf of UNU IIGH