Dietary exposure and human risk assessment of phthalate esters based on total diet study in Cambodia

Cheng, Zhang, Li, Han-Han, Wang, Hong-Sheng, Zhu, Xue-Mei, Sthiannopkao, Suthipong, Kim, Kyoung-Woong, Mohamed Yasin, Mohamed S., Hashim, Jamal H. and Wong, Ming-Hung, (2016). Dietary exposure and human risk assessment of phthalate esters based on total diet study in Cambodia. Environmental Research, 150 423-430

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  • Sub-type Journal article
    Author Cheng, Zhang
    Li, Han-Han
    Wang, Hong-Sheng
    Zhu, Xue-Mei
    Sthiannopkao, Suthipong
    Kim, Kyoung-Woong
    Mohamed Yasin, Mohamed S.
    Hashim, Jamal H.
    Wong, Ming-Hung
    Title Dietary exposure and human risk assessment of phthalate esters based on total diet study in Cambodia
    Appearing in Environmental Research   Check publisher's open access policy
    Volume 150
    Publication Date 2016-07-01
    Place of Publication London
    Publisher Elsevier
    Start page 423
    End page 430
    Language eng
    Abstract Phthalate esters are used in a wide variety of consumer products, and human exposure to this class of compounds is widespread. Nevertheless, studies on dietary exposure of human to phthalates are limited. In this study, to assess the daily intakes of phthalate esters and the possible adverse health impacts, different food samples were collected from three areas of Cambodia, one of the poorest countries in the world. The ∑phthalate ester concentrations in Kampong Cham, Kratie and Kandal provinces ranged from 0.05 to 2.34 (median 0.88) μgg(-1), 0.19-1.65 (median 0.86) μgg(-1) and 0.24-3.05 (median 0.59) μgg(-1) wet weight (ww), respectively. Di-2-Ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP) were the predominant compounds among all foodstuffs. The estimated daily intake (EDI) of phthalate esters for the general population in Kampong Cham, Kratie and Kandal was 34.3, 35.6 and 35.8μgkg(-1) bw d(-1), respectively. The dietary daily intake of DEHP, benzylbutyl phthalate (BBP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) in Kampong Cham, Kratie and Kandal were below the tolerable daily intakes (TDI) imposed by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and reference doses (RfD) imposed by The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Rice contributed the greatest quantity of DEHP to the daily intake in Cambodia so may deserve further exploration. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the occurrence and the daily intakes of phthalate esters in Cambodia.
    Keyword Cambodia
    Daily intake
    Food consumption
    Phthalate esters
    Risk assessment
    Copyright Holder Elsevier Inc.
    Copyright Year 2016
    Copyright type All rights reserved
    ISSN 0013-9351
    DOI 10.1016/j.envres.2016.06.011
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    Created: Thu, 20 Oct 2016, 16:21:27 JST by Cheah, Swee Neo on behalf of UNU IIGH